Title
Effects of Ginkgo biloba Constituents on Fruit-Infesting Behavior of Codling Moth (Cydia pomonella) in Apples
Abstract
Codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), is a cosmopolitan pest of apple, potentially causing severe damage to the fruit. Currently used methods of combating this insect do not warrant full success or are harmful to the environment. The use of plant-derived semiochemicals for manipulation with fruit-infesting behavior is one of the new avenues for controlling this pest. Here, we explore the potential of Ginkgo biloba and its synthetic metabolites for preventing apple feeding and infestation by neonate larvae of C. pomonella. Experiments with crude extracts indicated that deterrent constituents of ginkgo are present among alkylphenols, terpene trilactones, and flavonol glycosides. Further experiments with ginkgo synthetic metabolites of medical importance, ginkgolic acids, kaempferol, quercetin, isorhamnetin, ginkgolides, and bilobalide, indicated that three out of these chemicals have feeding deterrent properties. Ginkgolic acid 15:0 prevented fruit infestation at concentrations as low as 1 mg/mL, bilobalide had deterrent effects at 0.1 mg/mL and higher concentrations, and ginkgolide B at 10 mg/mL. On the other hand, kaempferol and quercetin promoted fruit infestation by codling moth neonates. Ginkgolic acids 13:0, 15:1, and 17:1, isorhamnetin, and ginkgolides A and C had no effects on fruit infestation-related behavior. Our research is the first report showing that ginkgo constituents influence fruit infestation behavior and have potential applications in fruit protection.
Department(s)
Environmental Plant Science and Natural Resources
Document Type
Article
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1021/jf202386c
Keywords
plant derived food, hydrocarbons, genetics, insecticides, flavonoids
Publication Date
2011
Recommended Citation
Pszczolkowski, Maciej A., Kevin Durden, Samantha Sellars, Brian Cowell, and John J. Brown. "Effects of Ginkgo biloba constituents on fruit-infesting behavior of codling moth (Cydia pomonella) in apples." Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 59, no. 20 (2011): 10879-10886.
Journal Title
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry